In this reporting period, we have confirmed that “in-planta” regeneration of juvenile tissues from non-meristem tissues under non-sterile conditions can be achieved at reasonably high efficiencies. This method is very different from the tissue culture-based method under sterile conditions. Our preliminary results have also showed that such a method can be used to produce CRISPR-mediated mutants of citrus. However, the mutant citrus plants produced were chimeric and the efficiency was low. We are developing methods to reduce the chimeras and to enhance the efficiencies. More importantly, we are testing whether the “in planta” method can be used to regenerate shoots from mature citrus trees under greenhouse conditions. If that can be done with reasonably high efficiencies, such a non-tissue culture method may provide a useful tool to produce transgenic shoots from mature tissues of citrus or to produce CRISPR mutant plants of citrus. On the sterile tissue culture side, we have been working on repeating some previously observed results using our proposed genes and also chemicals we have identified. Our goals are to generate sufficient and repeatable results for publications and patent applications.