Evaluating the role of greasy spot and peel disorders in the greasy green defect on citrus fruit

Evaluating the role of greasy spot and peel disorders in the greasy green defect on citrus fruit

Report Date: 10/17/2022
Project: 21-012   Year: 2022
Category: Other
Author: Megan Dewdney
Sponsor: Citrus Research and Development Foundation

1. Please state project objectives and what work was done this quarter to address them:The objectives are to 2) determine if the flush cycle and infection period for Z. citri-griseum have changed due to the influence of HLB on citrus physiology or changing environmental factors; 4) evaluate the potential promotion of “greasy-green” symptoms related to nutrition programs or to peel reactions like a chemical “burn” from different pesticide and combinations of pesticide tank mixes; and 5) evaluate if postharvest degreening treatments might be modified to adequately remove the green coloration while mitigating poor shelf life from anticipated longer degreening times.   Most of the progress to date have been on objective 2.  Two sites were established in grapefruit groves in the Indian River region.  These sites were identified to have significant problems with the greasy green disorder afftecting the grapefruit industry.  In each block, twenty trees were selected for uniform canopy without excessive thinning or obvious sectoring from HLB and mapped, and ten flushes per tree were tagged to be observed for greasy spot symptoms later in the season.  Every two weeks from the beginning of May, ten leaves and one fruit per tree are collected.  The fruit diameter has also been collected since June. The leaves are cleared and 5mm disk samples are examined under the microscope to observe whether there is epiphytic growth.  Our previous method of sampling fruit was not giving satisfactory results so we have moved to applying clear nail polish to the fruit surface to remove the fungal growth and observing it under the microscope instead.  The fruit are currently asymptomatic and spores and mycelial growth were observed from August.  We are not sure if we did not detect them earlier in the season was because they were not there or an artifact of the way we were attempting to visualize them.  We will hopefully determine the extent of epiphytic growth and when the epiphytic growth is the most prevalent to compare with what is known from previous work.  Ideally, this will allow us to adjust when applications occur to better control greasy spot as part of the greasy green disorder. Initial survey attempts of fresh fruit growers have not generated many responses about the greasy green disorder.  Plans are underway to conduct in person interviews as the greasy green symptoms develop in November and December to get the information needed to inform experiments in the next season. 2. Please state what work is anticipated for next quarter:  Field sampling will continue and samples will be evaulated microscopically.  We will stop sampling at harvest and start again in the new year.  Post-harvest work will be planned and started with the upcoming harvest season.  In particular, we will be working to see what effects conventional degreening techniques have and how they can be adjusted.  We will also be taking fruit peels on a subsample of the fruit to see how much mycelial growth is associated with the greasy green symptoms in the packinghouse.  Interviews will be conducted with growers on the greasy green disorder to give us more information to inform experiments in the next season.   3. Please state budget status (underspend or overspend, and why): No over or underspend on budget currently    


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