Optimizing Spatial Distribution of Pheromone Traps for Monitoring Citrus Leafminer and Related Species

Optimizing Spatial Distribution of Pheromone Traps for Monitoring Citrus Leafminer and Related Species

Report Date: 10/15/2014
Project: 763
Category: ACP Vector
Author: Philip Stansly
Sponsor: Citrus Research and Development Foundation

Citrus leafminer (CLM) is a major pest of citrus, causing direct damage and increased incidence/intensity of citrus canker. Pheromone traps are valuable for monitoring CLM but need further evaluation to optimize use for management. The objectives of the proposed project include: (1) assess species composition of trap catches, (2) optimize spatial and temporal distribution of pheromone traps. Species composition in trap captures continues to be evaluated by analysis for Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (CO1) sequence generation incorporating an anchored hybrid enrichment probe set from Illumina HiSeq data with the Lemmon Lab at FSU. The probe set is designed to capture a tiled, 250 bp region of the 658 bp CO1 ‘barcode region’. Blast-searches against the comprehensive BOLD sequence library has allowed a faster, bulk-sequencing approach to the identification of leafminers. CO1 genes continue to be sequenced from samples to contribute to a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis. Sampling from Silver Strand B9 block, Okaloacoochee Slough State Forest, and Charleston Grove continues; several months’ samples are currently being prepared to ship to FSU for analysis. Photographs are taken of specimens prior to extraction, so that new species collected in OK Slough can be distinguished from P. citrella by external morphological characters, also continues. Photographs of the specimens will help elucidate these characters in order to provide more accurate identifications. Vince Ficarrotta presented some of this work at the Lepidopterists’ Society Annual meeting in Park City, UT in June 2014. Vince’s assistant, David Plotkin, now a graduate student, continued work photographing moths through a microscope and generating COI sequence data. David will be presenting some of the leaf-miner work at the upcoming ESA meeting in Portland Oregon. Recently, an undergraduate senior student, Emma Roulette, was added to the project to focus further on dissecting specimens of the two unknown species of Phyllocnistis that are attracted to lures. She plans to dissect and illustrate the genitalia and compare them with type specimens in the National Museum of Natural History to verify their identities. This portion of the project was initially conducted by Q. Jia in 2013, but we are continuing this work and examining additional specimens. A manuscript describing trapping efficiencies was submitted to the Journal of Economic Entomology. We are currently incorporating reviewer comments. Work towards marking techniques continues. Due to inconsistencies with surface-applied powders and diet-incorporated dyes, we will evaluate marking CLM with Rb as a dietary supplement. We are currently evaluating application techniques for this substance including work towards an artificial diet. Once a calibration curve is established, releases will be made and captures compared to background Rb concentrations to establish recapture rates and spatial features of CLM populations.


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