Understanding the role of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in enhancing tolerance to HLB in the Parson Brown sweet orange

Understanding the role of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in enhancing tolerance to HLB in the Parson Brown sweet orange

Report Date: 03/30/2022
Project: 20-014   Year: 2022
Category: Horticultural & Management
Author: Manjul Dutt
Sponsor: Citrus Research and Development Foundation

 Conclusions of the one year preliminary study: • `Parson Brown’ trees, irrespective of location, clone or rootstock had enhanced SAR activity as indicated by enhanced PR1 and PR2 gene expression. Statistically significant differences were always observed in the different locations during the March and December samplings. • PP2 gene downregulation indirectly suggests an active protection mechanism in the phloem of the `Parson Brown’. Targeted RNA seq and metabolomics of the phloem would confirm these results and provide more insights into the exact mechanism of HLB tolerance. • All trees (`Parson Brown’ and `Hamlin’) evaluated in this study were HLB positive with similar CaLas titer. `Parson Brown’ trees however, maintained a good canopy and held on to fruit much better than comparable `Hamlin’ trees. • Oil content % ranged from 0.007 to 0.0011 in `Hamlin’ juice whereas, it ranged from 0.020 to 0.042 in `Parson Brown’ juice, depending on the location the fruit was harvested from. This could be due to clonal differences between trees grown in different locations. • Lbs. Solids Per Box were comparable between `Parson Brown’ and `Hamlin.’ However, `Hamlin’ has recorded good Lbs. Solids Per Box in 2021, and samples will need be evaluated for multiple seasons to understand differences between the two early season sweet oranges. • Limonin levels were less than 5 ppm in both `Parson Brown’ and `Hamlin’ and within acceptable levels. • It was not possible to identify specific clones based on the data generated. Whole genome sequencing can shed insights into clonal differences by looking at the overall pattern of SNPs and INDELS among the specific selections.  • `Parson Brown’ trees at the Premier Citrus location in Lorida had the best growth, canopy coverage, followed by trees at the groves managed by Pat and Marty McKenna and the Premier Citrus location in Ft. Pierce. There were no significant differences in the oil content from fruit from these locations. It may be worthwhile to reintroduce a couple of these superior lines into the DPI’s parent tree program for the benefit of the citrus stakeholders.       


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